Cybersecurity and IT hygiene are two fundamental concepts in today’s digital world. As dependence on technology increases, so do the risks associated with its use. This publication will briefly explore the concepts, the existing hazards, and the precautions to be taken daily to avoid a cyber-attack.
Concepts
Cybersecurity protects computers and servers, mobile devices, electronic systems, networks and data against digital attacks. It covers various contexts and can be divided into network security, application security or disaster recovery categories.
IT hygiene refers to procedures that users of computers and other electronic devices can carry out to improve their online security and maintain the integrity of their systems. Practising regularly and maintaining good IT hygiene helps keep data safe and secure.

Existing Risks
There are many risks in cyberspace. Here are some of the most common:
- Phishing: A technique used by hackers to trick users into providing personal data, such as passwords and credit card numbers, via fraudulent emails or websites.
- Malware: A stealthy enemy, malicious software, such as viruses and ransomware, which can be installed on the device without the user’s knowledge and can cause damage or steal information.
- Brute Force Attacks: Technique where hackers try to guess passwords by repeatedly trying until they get it right.
- Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks: A technique in which attackers intercept a communication between two parties to steal data or spy.

Care to be taken
There are, however, some best practices that improve security and help prevent the attacks mentioned:
- Strong passwords: Use unique and complex passwords for all accounts. The use of a password manager is recommended.
- Regular Updates: Keep the operating system and all applications up to date. Many updates contain essential or even critical security fixes.
- Antivirus: Use reliable antivirus software that is constantly updated.
- Beware of Phishing: Do not open links or attachments in unsolicited or suspicious emails. Always check the sender’s email address and not just their name. If you have any doubts or suspicions, always ask IT support.
- Secure networks: Avoid using public Wi-Fi networks, especially for sensitive transactions or logging into critical sites like banks. Consider using a VPN to encrypt traffic.
- Data backup: Make regular backups of essential data.
The importance of cybersecurity and IT hygiene in business cannot be underestimated. As digital threats evolve, organisations must be constantly vigilant to protect one of their most valuable assets: data. Implementing effective cybersecurity and IT hygiene practices prevents financial losses and reputational damage and guarantees business continuity and stakeholder trust. Investing in ongoing employee training, adopting advanced security technologies and developing clear incident response policies are all crucial steps in creating a safe and resilient digital environment.
Finally, remember that cybersecurity and IT hygiene are everyone’s ongoing responsibilities. Keeping abreast of the latest threats and protecting yourself appropriately is essential. Everyone’s digital security, and that of the company, depends on it.
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